Healthcare > Obesity

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Healthcare > Health promotion
Healthcare > Lipid disorders
Healthcare > Preventive medicine
Healthcare > Primary care

AHA > Life’s Simple 7

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Life’s Simple 7
http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/Conditions/My-Life-Check—-Lifes-Simple-7_UCM_471453_Article.jsp

My Life Check® was designed by the American Heart Association with the goal of improved health by educating the public on how best to live. … This seven step list has been developed to deliver on the hope we all have–to live a long, productive healthy life.

Manage blood pressure
Control cholesterol
Reduce blood sugar
Get active
Eat better
Lose weight
Stop smoking

Breakfast vs. dinner

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High Caloric intake at breakfast vs. dinner differentially influences weight loss of overweight and obese women
Daniela Jakubowicz, et al.
Obesity. Volume 21, Issue 12,  pages 2504–2512, December 2013
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/oby.20460/full

Conclusions
High-calorie breakfast with reduced intake at dinner is beneficial and might be a useful alternative for the management of obesity and metabolic syndrome.

journalistic version:

http://www.npr.org/2016/05/31/479754700/food-for-thought-the-subtle-forces-that-affect-your-appetite

Strokes On The Rise (2016)

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Strokes On The Rise Among Younger Adults
February 22, 2016
http://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2016/02/18/467222400/strokes-on-the-rise-among-younger-adults

About 10 percent of all strokes occur in people between 18 and 50 years old, and the risk factors include some that Hodge had: high blood pressure, overweight, off-kilter cholesterol, smoking and diabetes.

paper:
Obesity Increases Stroke Risk in Young Adults
Opportunity for Prevention
Walter N. Kernan, MD
Stroke. 2015; 46: 1435-1436
http://stroke.ahajournals.org/content/46/6/1435.full

Dietary Fat Restriction Results in More Body Fat Loss than Carbohydrate Restriction

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Calorie for Calorie, Dietary Fat Restriction Results in More Body Fat Loss than Carbohydrate Restriction in People with Obesity
Cell Metabolism.  August 13, 2015
Kevin D. Hall, et al.
http://www.cell.com/cell-metabolism/abstract/S1550-4131(15)00350-2

journalistic version:
You Don’t Need To Go Low-Carb To Burn Body Fat, Study Says
August 13, 2015
http://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2015/08/13/432087757/you-don-t-need-to-go-low-carb-to-burn-body-fat-study-says

http://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2014/09/01/344315405/cutting-back-on-carbs-not-fat-may-lead-to-more-weight-loss

Sugar substitutes linked to obesity

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Sugar substitutes linked to obesity
Artificial sweetener seems to change gut microbiome.
17 September 2014
http://www.nature.com/news/sugar-substitutes-linked-to-obesity-1.15938

The artificial sweeteners that are widely seen as a way to combat obesity and diabetes could, in part, be contributing to the global epidemic of these conditions.

Lifestyle interventions in obese children (Cochrane, 2014)

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Lifestyle intervention for improving school achievement in overweight or obese children and adolescents.
Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014 Mar 14;3:CD009728.
Martin A1, Saunders DH, Shenkin SD, Sproule J.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24627300

BACKGROUND:
The prevalence of overweight and obesity in childhood and adolescence is high.
Excessive body fat at a young age is likely to persist into adulthood and is associated with physical and psychosocial co-morbidities, as well as lower cognitive, school and later life achievement.
Lifestyle changes, including reduced caloric intake, decreased sedentary behaviour and increased physical activity, are recommended for prevention and treatment of child and adolescent obesity.
Evidence suggests that lifestyle interventions can benefit cognitive function and school achievement in children of normal weight.
Similar beneficial effects may be seen in overweight or obese children and adolescents.

OBJECTIVES:
To assess whether lifestyle interventions (in the areas of diet, physical activity, sedentary behaviour and behavioural therapy) improve school achievement, cognitive function and future success in overweight or obese children and adolescents compared with standard care, waiting list control, no treatment or attention control.

AUTHORS’ CONCLUSIONS:
Despite the large number of childhood obesity treatment trials, evidence regarding their impact on school achievement and cognitive abilities is lacking.
Existing studies have a range of methodological issues affecting the quality of evidence.
Multicomponent interventions targeting physical activity and healthy diet could benefit general school achievement, whereas a physical activity intervention delivered for childhood weight management could benefit mathematics achievement, executive function and working memory.
Although the effects are small, a very large number of children and adolescents could benefit from these interventions. Therefore health policy makers may wish to consider these potential additional benefits when promoting physical activity and healthy eating in schools.
Future obesity treatment trials are needed to examine overweight or obese children and adolescents and to report academic and cognitive as well as physical outcomes.

Could your ‘weight fate’ be set before kindergarten?

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Incidence of Childhood Obesity in the United States
Solveig A. Cunningham, Ph.D., et al.
N Engl J Med (January 30, 2014) 370:403-411
http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1309753

Conclusions:
Incident obesity between the ages of 5 and 14 years was more likely to have occurred at younger ages, primarily among children who had entered kindergarten overweight.

journalistic version:
http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2014/01/29/267829554/adult-obesity-may-have-origins-way-back-in-kindergarten